A Guide to Tackling Common Garden Pests in the UK

1. Greenfly (Aphids):

Greenfly, or aphids, are notorious for their rapid reproduction and sap-sucking activities. To combat greenfly, introduce natural predators like ladybugs and lacewings. Alternatively, create a soapy water solution and spray affected plants, ensuring coverage on the undersides of leaves where aphids often gather.

2. Slugs and Snails

These slimy invaders can quickly devour tender plants and seedlings. Encourage natural predators like hedgehogs, frogs, and birds to visit your garden. Set up physical barriers using crushed eggshells, diatomaceous earth, or copper tape around vulnerable plants. Beer traps or handpicking can also be effective in reducing slug and snail populations.

3. Vine Weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus)

Vine weevils can cause significant damage to plant roots, leading to wilting and poor growth. Apply nematodes to the soil in spring or autumn, as these microscopic organisms target vine weevil larvae. Handpick adult weevils during nighttime patrols, and use insecticides sparingly.

4. Cabbage White Butterfly (Pieris brassicae)

The cabbage white butterfly and its voracious caterpillars can decimate brassicas and other related plants. Use floating row covers to protect vulnerable crops. Handpick caterpillars or introduce natural predators like parasitic wasps. Applying a biological insecticide containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can also be effective.

5. Rose Aphid (Macrosiphum rosae)

Distinct from other aphids, the rose aphid specifically targets rose plants. Prune affected parts and dispose of them properly. Encourage natural predators, such as ladybugs, hoverflies, and parasitic wasps. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used for control, ensuring thorough coverage.

6. Carrot Fly (Psila rosae)

Carrot fly larvae damage the roots of carrot and related plants. Protect susceptible crops by erecting barriers, such as horticultural fleece, around the plants. Planting carrots in raised beds or containers can also reduce the risk of infestation. Companion planting with strong-smelling herbs like rosemary and sage can deter carrot flies.

7. Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis)

Box tree moths pose a threat to boxwood plants, creating unsightly damage with their voracious appetite. Handpick and destroy larvae when feasible. Introduce natural predators like birds and predatory insects. Insecticides can be used, but consider organic options to minimize environmental impact.

8. Ants (Formicidae)

While not directly harmful to plants, ants can protect and farm aphids, exacerbating pest problems. To discourage ants, use natural barriers like diatomaceous earth or talcum powder around plant stems. Remove ant nests near garden beds, and maintain a clean garden to eliminate potential food sources.

9. Flea Beetle (Phyllotreta spp.)

Flea beetles target various plants, leaving behind characteristic small holes in leaves. Protect vulnerable crops with row covers, and encourage natural predators like ground beetles. Neem oil or insecticidal soap can be applied for control, especially during the early stages of infestation.

10. Red Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae)

Thriving in dry and warm conditions, red spider mites can damage plant cells, causing leaves to appear stippled. Increase humidity by regularly misting plants and ensuring proper watering. Introduce predatory mites and ladybugs, and use insecticidal soap or neem oil for control.